1833 Parochial Assessment Great Marlow Quoiting Square / Oxford Terrace

 The original assessment working notebooks with related correspondence from 1833 (to be used for the 1834 parish rates readjustment) have been preserved by my family. There are handwritten corrections to circa 1839. The notebooks are fragile however so I am gradually transcribing it on this blog so it is not lost. I am transcribing the parts in the order that chimes in with other research I am doing.

Layout I have used is:

Name

Property

Assessed Annual Worth

Any notes by me in square brackets

By Charlotte Day.

Quoiting Place [Quoiting Square] and Oxford Terrace [in Oxford Road. Note the assessors went out of property order in parts of this section. They did not say which properties were in Oxford Terrace and which in Quoiting Place, though in many cases I do nevertheless know where the properties mentioned were located].

Widow Dolby

House and yard

£8

*****

Robert Wakelin [a bricklayer. Wife Hannah]

House and yard

£8

*****

David Jones

House and yard

£8

*****

George Reading

House, yard and sheds

£9

*****

John Boulter

Crown and Anchor house [pub] and garden [This was Oxford Terrace, in Oxford Road]

£8

*****

David Evans [a chimney sweep who employed at least 2 men by 1842. May also have worked c.1848-53 as a "fire defender". Biography of his wife here] 

House and garden

£5

*****

Levi White [Later landlord of the Three Tuns]

House and garden

£5

*****

John Beaver

Cottage and garden

£3

*****

John Suthery

Cottage and garden

£4

*****

William Bryant

The Lodge house and garden [Oxford Road]

£6

*****

Thomas Piggott 

House and gardens near the Lodge [Oxford Road]

£8

*****

Sir William Robert Clayton M.P [At The Cottage, later Quoitings House, not to be confused with Oxford Cottage]

Dwelling house with conservatory, stables, coach houses, coach yard, shrubbery, walks, kitchen garden, green house, lawn and other convenient offices [off Oxford Road]

£70

"A small cottage at The Cottage" [usually gardeners lodge]

£2

*****

John Lloyd Locke Clayton

Dwelling house, yard, stable, coach house, offices and garden

£30 [Oxford House?]

*****

William East

Six almshouses in the occupation of poor widows "if rateable" [Oxford Road, William presumably a trustee or guardian of these charity properties] each:

£3

*****

John Flint

House, yard, stables, coach house and large walled garden [probably at end of Hayes Place, which opened onto the side of Quoiting Square]

£15

Wood house and garden adjoining

£2

****

Robert Looseley

Cottage and garden

£5

*****

John Cox

Shop and garden 

£5

House in front, woodhouse, gardens and yard

£6 10 shillings

****

John Tanner Hitchcock [in 1832 acquitted on a charge of stealing an umbrella from a fellow drinker at the Red Lion in nearby West Street. He had simply picked up the wrong umbrella. His wife was Ann nee Badger of Bisham who died in 1847. John was of Colnbrook at the time of their 1805 marriage. A corn dealer. In same property, which he rented, in 1840]

House yard and garden

£5 

*****

Joseph Martin

House and garden

£5

*****

William Gunnell [Quoiting Place]

House yard and garden

£5

*****

James White jnr

Cottage and garden

£4

*****

Joseph Cox [wheelright, likely working for Thomas Cox below]

Cottage and garden

£3

*****

William Bavin [Quoiting Place, a chairmaker there since at least 1830. Later a beer retailer who moved to St Peter's Street to run the Two Brewers by 1837 and was later at the first incarnation of the Carpenter's Arms. For more see here] .

House, shop and shed

£6 10 shillings

*****

Michael Field [Marlow doctor and horse racing enthusiast. He died 1834]

House etc

£4

*****

Gilman [a blacksmith, no first name]

House, shop, Shoeing house, yard etc

£10

*****

William Ward [Quoiting Place]

Six Bells Beer House, yard and garden

£9 ( Read his will here) List of proprietors of the Six Bells is available here

*****

Robert Ward [Quoiting Place]

House and garden

£6

*****

William Creswell [Quoiting Place, he was a shoemaker, who had previously ran the Six Bells]

House and garden

£5 10 shillings

*****

Thomas Cox [Quoiting Place, a wheelwright. Had workshop premises behind this that don't seem to be mentioned here!]

Cottage and garden

£4 10 shillings

*****

Joseph Horne

House and yard

£8

*****

Robert Clark (probably a builder).

House and garden 

£6

*****

Richard Way [came to Marlow in the early 1800s from Ockley. Wife Rebecca. He died 1836, Rebecca in 1821. Richard was a farmer in the 1820s. I am unsure if he was still farming in the 1830s. Their son Richard was a carpenter in West Street (later High Street), while another son was a poulterer in the High Street - see here - and another a publican. For the latter see here].

House and yard

£5 10 shillings

*****

William Stallwood [died 1837].

The Three Logerheads [Quoiting Place. Three Loggerheads pub, later the Queen], house and yard

£7

List of occupiers of the Loggerheads/Queen - see here

This assessment continued in a second post here

1700s Quoiting Square residents here.

1700s Oxford Road residents here

1700s West Street residents here

To find all mentions of an individual or family here, use the A-Z Person Index on the top drop down menu. 

To find other streets/areas in the assessment, search for them in the Specific shops, streets etc index here. 

 For posts about everyday life in Marlow for the people mentioned here see the post index here

The Ruddles Of The Hare And Hounds.

Richard Ruddle was the landlord of the Hare and Hounds, Red Pits, by 1833. He had married Martha Deane at Marlow in 1819. Richard was already a publican in 1829, we just can't be sure that it was at the Hare and Hounds. The pub itself dated from at least the 1760s.

In 1833 the pub came with a yard and garden and was with them assessed as being worth £12 a year. Richard also rented an additional piece of garden recently converted out of waste ground which was assessed as worth £1 a year.

He may have had farming interests as in 1841 he was selling a Guernsey bull lately owned by Sir John Sebright [Windsor and Eton Express 17th April 1841]. He had to have kept the bull somewhere before sale, presumably not in the garden!

A story was told that during Richard's tenure, two rather well dressed guests arrived at his door, with requests to be provided with a finer meal than Richard was used to offering. He was happy to cater for all and so sent into Marlow for supplies. This done he prepared a feast and his satisfied customers devoured all. Then the time came to pay up and our two gentlemen began to argue over who should pay what. One suggested the matter should be settled by a running race, the loser to foot the entire bill. Richard would act as starter and referree. The two men lined up and on orders tore off down the road towards Marlow. You can probably guess the ending. No sight of the cunning pair was seen again and Richard was left considerably out of pocket! 

Richard died in 1841 and Martha Ruddle became the official landlady of the Hare and Hounds.

Martha was around 45 years old at the death of her husband and the mother of 4 surviving daughters living at home- from 12 year old Martha junior down to 4 year old Eliza. In between there was Elizabeth and Emma.

Like most Victorian parents Martha and Richard had suffered the loss of multiple children. Sons Richard, Thomas and John all died before the age of 5.

Martha herself died in 1851 though she is still listed in Musson and Craven's Directory 1852/3. It is common for these directories to contain information 1-3 years out of date as they took a long time to compile.

Her daughter Elizabeth took over the Hare and Hounds following her death. She was only young - 19 - something which the licensing authorities would not favour so this was likely allowed only so she could sort things out in the aftermath of her mother's death. Two of her sisters, Eliza and Emma, still lived with her. She had also a lodger 35 year old Benjamin Soames who was a gardener.

Elizabeth married wheelwright George Cox in 1852 and within a couple of years a new landlord was in place at the Hare and Hounds. Elizabeth and George moved away from the area.

 

By 1851 Martha junior, daughter of Richard and Martha, was a servant for Joseph and Martha Rolls a Marlow couple who had moved to London because of Joseph's job in the Customs service. Martha Ruddle junior later lived with her aunt Mary Blakey in Hertford.

The daughter Eliza remained unmarried and worked as a servant but following the premature death of her sister Elizabeth she lived as housekeeper to Elizabeth's family for some years.

Emma Ruddle married James Neighbour in 1854.

Related Posts:

For a listing of other Hare and Hounds historic landlords and a history timeline see here

For similar posts on pub landlords of Great Marlow, Little Marlow, Medmenham, Lane End and Hurley see here

All mentions of any individual on this blog can be found on the Person Index.

Marlow's 100+ pubs, ale houses etc here

Sources used for this post included:

Pigot's Directory 1844.

Great Marlow Parish Registers.

Censuses my transcription from microfilm. Census information always remains Crown Copyright.

Numerous licence hearings etc. 

© Marlow Ancestors. You are welcome to use my research for family or local history purposes if you credit this blog and link here.

Bank Of England, Dean Street History and Landlord Listing *Updated*

 THE BANK OF ENGLAND /THE BANK/ YE OLDE BANK

1833- building of the pub built but it not yet a pub.

1840 - Described as "recently built" (of brick with slate roof) and "now licenced for the sale of beer"  It is let to a "most respectable tenant". Leasehold with 3 years left on it is offered for sale. "Near the turnpike on the Oxford Road". Has bowling alley, coach house, 2 stables, detached wash house, and other outbuildings plus the large yard. Inside there is 4 bedrooms, a cellar, parlour, tap room and pantry. 

1841 - George Clarke, son of Richard Clark(e) who had had the Jolly Maltsters Dean Street. See here for more. That post contains details of some trouble George got into as a young man. George's sister Emma was in turn landlady of the Jolly Maltsters, Mint and Cherry Tree all in Dean Street.

1844 - George Clark

1853 - George Clark

1861 - George Clark ("Ye Old Bank"), also carpenter. Twice fined in the 1860s for opening his beerhouse at illegal hours. In 1867 a suspicious constable secretes himself into a pile of faggots opposite in order to watch the comings and goings, and sees several men enter. These thirsty souls flee on the constable revealing his presence. Pots of beer with some taken out can be seen around  the tap room and parlour.  Fine that time? £5. 

1865 - George Clark. Also sells asses' milk (!) This was considered good for delicate youngsters you could not tolerate cows milk, among other things. 

1871 - George Clark - also carpenter, and has lodgers

1873 - George Clarke "The Bank Beerhouse". Transfer to John Finch who came from The Alma. Wellers brewery only got the licence for the premises renewed on the condition a new tenant was found, as they believed George harboured the criminally inclined. Wellers say that George had already been given notice to quit but he proved difficult to dislodged. Some of the Hussars recently billeted in Marlow when they spent a few days here in 1873 had stayed at the Bank..in the stable with their horses!

1875 - John Finch 

1881 - John Finch (b.1843) "The Bank" Wife Sophia. (Also lodging house) 

1882- John Finch summoned for refusing to let a Constable see inside his premises. Something to hide did you John!? The next year John received a heavy fine and an endorsement on his licence for opening his beerhouse before the legally permitted time on a Sunday. In the space of 15 minutes 10 people were observed going through the open gates into the yard, and through the back door, emerging shortly afterwards with a suspicious looking jug. The constables followed a trail of beer spillages down the passage that lead to the cellar steps, down which they found John with a selection of beer containers with the dregs still in them. John claimed the wet spots in the yard were where he'd urinated! He also said no one had visited him there, and in the cellar he was merely changing the taps on a barrel. The police must have seen people passing up a public footpath nearby he thought. Unfortunately for John, a policeman Constable Birch lived only 500 yards away and had an uninterrupted view of the Bank Of England. The excuses offered by the drinkers are amusing to read. They happened to call on John (at 6.30am in the morning) for all kinds of reason other than buying alcohol apparently. Dropping off some potatoes, showing him a piece of flannel, and talking to him about a pig were amongst the reasons to drop by. One man was not so good at thinking on his feet and said he only stepped into the yard, but couldn't quite remember why. (Four of the drinkers were summoned and fined.)

1883 - H Finch. 2. Charles Grace

1886 - Charles Grace. Wife Mahala leaves Charles this year taking some money and belongings which Charles says belonged to him. So he has her summoned for theft but subsequently asks for the charge to be dropped. He says Mahala had returned the items and had apologised for removing them. It does not seem she had returned to live with her husband though. 

1886 - William Cox? 2. Frederick Cox. 

1889 - Frederick Cox 

1891  - George E Lyons (from London)

1896 - George E Lyons transfers the  premises to William Howard.

1899 - James or William Cottrell /Cotterill. 2.  William Chaplin or Chapman 

1903 - W Dawes

1908 - William Dawes. 2. Edwin Dewey 

1911 - Edward (qv) J Dewey

1915-20 - James Turney and his wife. Their son Private A E Turney was badly gassed in France in 1917.

1926 - Harry Perry. Changes his name by deed poll to Harry Price this year. 

1928 - Harry Price. Sells 5&1/2 barrels of beer a week. Considered for forced closure under the scheme to limit the number of licenced premises in an area, but does not make the shortlist. 

1937 - H Price. It's proposed to demolish the premises this year as part of a slum clearance plan affecting Dean Street, and because the site is wanted as part of the new development of homes for the dispossessed at Seymour Court Road. Brewers Benskins of Watford will be offered the opportunity to purchase a new site in Wethered Road for the re erection of the pub. Due to the disruption of the forthcoming war, the demolition never happens. 

1939 Ye Olde Bank of England - Harry Price and his wife. They continue on the pub to at very least 1960.

Above, the former site of the Bank. 

1959- old building is demolished and a new premises built at the rear of it, back from the road. A matchstick model of the old premises is presented to Mr and Mrs Price by one of the customers in honour of their kindness to his unwell son. The Prices enter into their new premises just before Christmas 1959.

Find more posts like this about pubs in Marlow, Little Marlow, Well End, Medmenham and Lane End listed on the Pub Related option on the menu.

All mentions of a person on this blog can be found on the A-Z Person Index in the top drop down menu. 

Post researched by Charlotte Day and Kathryn Day.

Building now demolished.

This post is updated as new information emerges. All listings are as noted in original sources, including alternative spellings. Note that some listings may in fact refer to father's and sons sharing the same given name so be sure to double check this. Many Marlow landlords changed premises and there can be other family members running other establishments. We mainly focus on pre WW1 or 1920's listings but sometimes list later names if it ties in with research we are helping with. 

See the Pub Related post listing here on the drop down menu to find out about other pubs, beer houses etc. A land lord listing for most will be published here gradually. 

©Marlow Ancestors

Edward Riley - The Man Behind The Recreation Ground

Marlow has been fortunate to attract many benefactors and philanthropists over time some of whom have been largely forgotten and who we hope to resurrect in this blog. But one man who is thankfully well remembered for his generosity is Edward Riley R.I.C, largely because his name is attached to Riley Recreation Ground. Edward was an analytical chemist and metallurgist who co founded and acted as director of two steel companies. He was born in London and much of his professional life was based there, as well as in Leeds and at the Dowlais iron works in South Wales. I am not going to focus on his work, as this was mostly carried on away from Marlow, but instead I want to flesh out the man who spent the last couple of decades of his life here, or more specifically at his home "Bohemia" on the riverbank in Bisham. But I will just mention that Edward pioneered new developments in steel manufacture and won awards for doing so. His chemical analysis work was quoted by researchers for decades after he completed it, and he travelled to America at one point to advise miners and manufacturers there. Mrs Riley was interested in music and a published collection of songs were dedicated to her. 

At his death in 1914, Edward was said to have lived at "Marlow" (really Bisham) for 26-27 years. Bohemia was built for him in 1886 at a cost of £2436, not including the land itself. The builder was Marlow's Young Lovell and his team. For the first few years, he and wife Mary were generally listed as summer visitors at Bohemia. Even later they spent regular time abroad, on the continent and in 1894 they passed the winter in Egypt. These travels would provide material for Edward's lectures at the Marlow Institute. 

Edward and Mary quickly became involved in all kinds of initiatives that involved a committee. Marlow Rowing Club and Regatta, the Institute, Cottage Hospital, Provident Nursing Association, Anglers Association and more all saw their attention. He was vice president at the Institute for a number of years. And it was Edward that donated the use of his land for the erection of a landing stage and large hired marquee for the young Marlow Rowing Club as yet without a boathouse of their own. 

Edward was a subscriber to Marlow's original cottage hospital in Cambridge House, Cambridge Road. Mary was among the "lady visitors" who took turns to adopt the hospital for a week and make visits to cheer and comfort the patients. Those inside were not forgotten on other weeks however as the couple sent donations of things such as cake, fruit and vegetables on a regular basis. As the hospital was entirely funded by donations and what payments the patients could afford, these kind of gifts were frequently asked for and earnestly welcomed. 

Given this involvement with the hospital, it is perhaps surprising that Edward did not support the development of a new more spacious and convenient cottage hospital in Marlow. As a frequent attendee at the subscribers meetings, he could not help but be aware that the staff of the original cottage hospital worked liked Trojans and found their work made more laborious by the inconvenience of a relatively cramped building with steep stairs and inadequate plumbing. The whole staff in 1913 had in fact threatened to sever all ties with the hospital if no advancement was made in oft voiced plans to build a better one. But Edward thought the town could not afford to build or support a bigger hospital funded by donations, even though the building site had been donated for free. He feared that if funding should fail the cost of maintaining the hospital would be put on the rates (local tax) and that the local tradespeople and businessmen could not afford this as trade in town had been "ruined" by the advent of the motor car. Instead he thought perhaps the town could invest in a motor ambulance that would take patients to the well equipped hospitals in Maidenhead or High Wycombe, if they could amalgamate with one of those institutions. He thought getting enough donations to keep things going would be a continual struggle. Edward's concerns were not without foundation. The cottage hospital had trouble attracting subscribers at times, and the Charity Commission would only give permission for plans for a slightly smaller hospital than the committee originally planned, on affordability grounds. Edward obviously felt strongly about this because when his name was wrongly included in a list of donors to the building fund of new hospital, he wrote to the newspaper to correct the entry publicly. When the Charity Commission said the revised plans were affordable, the hon. secretary of the Marlow Cottage Hospital Committee, Mrs Dickson, wrote to Edward asking for his support. Instead he published his replies to her letters in the local press and it's fair to say they have something of a patronising tone. He said anyone who had read the Commissioners report would agree with him that a new hospital was unaffordable and that friends of his involved in raising subscriptions at other hospitals also supported his view. He must have forgotten that in writing to Mrs Dickson he was communicating with someone who had been directly involved in raising such subscriptions for many years herself and who through her husband Dr Dunbar Dickson, was very well acquainted with the costs and practical considerations involved in running such a place. Edward had objected to the number of women on the organising committee - a complaint which was ignored, unsurprisingly given that it was the ladies who had suggested the need for a new hospital in the first place and it was a ladies committee that organised the fundraising that allowed the first cottage hospital to open. In one letter Edward suggests that the new hospital was advocated for mainly by the doctors and for their own interests regardless of the welfare of the town! It's hard to agree with him given the number of people that donated to a scheme that apparently no one wanted. The hospital was built anyway and it must be said that Edward was no slacker at parting with his own cash when it came to helping the sick in ways he did support - he funded a home for the district nurses, aka the Riley Nurses' Home and clinic which remained in use for decades after his death. He offered the finances to do this as an alternative to his supporting the new hospital but initially the money was not linked to a specific purpose. He said that if a hospital scheme that he personally approved of was bought forward the money could go to that instead. It should also be mentioned that Mrs Riley attended many meetings of the hospital subscribers with her husband, and was for a time on the Ladies Commitee. (Posts about the struggle for the hospital can be found here and here) 

Edward subscribed to the Institute and freely gave his time to lecture there. Subjects included the process of providing good drinking water, mineral extraction, and a pet subject, the wonders of electricity with practical demonstrations included. The Rileys had the use of electricity at Bohemia even though Bisham and Marlow were not yet connected to the supply network. They used this to illuminate the outside of their riverside home during the Regatta, and the display is frequently described as the most beautiful along the river side. They included "coloured fires" and lanterns with coloured glass panel surroundings to create the illusion of multi coloured lights. The Regatta traditionally ended with a Venetian fete which was chiefly a procession of decorated and illuminated boats along the river. Of course Edward used electric lights on his entry and he was not an infrequent winner of the most handsomely dressed boat award. At the time of the coronation of Edward VII in 1902, Edward set up lights in the form of a giant E.R and displayed them on the front of ivy clad Bohemia. 

The couple owned a house boat also called Bohemia. This they took to Henley Regatta when they were in residence. They also bought a new type of  electric launch which they christened "Champion". A trial run out with friends on the Thames was said to be a success but the boat is not often mentioned thereafter so perhaps it had some shortcomings not immediately apparent! Edward also had a couple of punts. One was also decorated and entered into competitions, with an arch of bullrushes and mountain ash berries and rows of sunflower heads mentioned as one medal winning design. The other had a more conventional existence as a fishing punt. Edward Riley was a keen angler and sometimes reports of a good catch reach the press, caught with the assistance of fisherman James Cox. He put up cash prizes for occasional fishing competitions too. With his love of all things a river side town could offer, it's easy understand why Bisham became his residence. Or Marlow, as he referred to as his address in every source I've seen that he wrote himself. Of course a river side address did have it's downsides, and Bohemia was flooded downstairs during the severe 1894 Thames flood. 

The gardens of Bohemia were enthusiastically maintained and famously lush and colourful. The Riley's gardener Mr J Jordan  grew a huge range of fruit, vegetables and flowers and won many prizes in local shows. He provided plants and flowers that were donated to decorate the stage of plays and concerts held at venues like the music room, with some palms used to create an "exotic" atmosphere to one amateur production. 

Edward funded three scholarships to Borlase along with his half sister Miss Mary Mitchell Wilson who is often uncredited for her contribution. Edward also announced a £1,000 gift towards the greater cost of setting up a new school chapel there but when he died it was announced by his executors that they would actually pay for the whole along with his sister. 

Edward spoke at a debate at the Institute in favour of Sunday opening of parks, public gardens, and museums. He took the issue of public access to recreation facilities seriously, in particular in regards that children should have somewhere safe to play off the streets. With this in mind, when in Edward Riley bought the Crown Hotel and the accompanying Crown Meadow when it came up for sale in 1914. He gave the field  for the use of the town as a recreation ground under the care of a group of trustees including himself. He gave a sum of money for it's maintenance and envisaged the hotel should continue with the profits invested in the Trust. Crucially he allowed the Trustees to make what changes to the hotel as they saw fit in pursuance of this goal. Proper funding provision was of course important to Edward as we know. The park had not opened when Edward died at Bohemia in September 1914 aged 83. It was decided to sell the Crown Hotel but delays in achieving this and the First World War meant the new Riley Recreation Ground was not formally opened until 1921. This long delay caused frustration locally. In 1919 a public meeting was called in Market Square to protest at the lack of a safe place for children to play  - Higginson park was not yet open of course. Those attending expressed frustration at the fact children were still actively barred from accessing the future Riley Park. The quickly elected chair Mr James proposed a resolution in favour of the provision of a proper recreation ground being provided somewhere. It seems they felt Riley Park would never fully open. The resolution was seconded by Mr E Harvey and passed by the crowd.

Their fears were of course unfounded. The grounds were not laid out as intended but remain charmingly open and surrounded by trees. I'm sure Edward and Mary, who died in 1923, would love to see them now. Both are buried at Bisham Church. 

Related Posts

To find out about the many former uses of Riley Recreation Ground/Crown Meadow see the post here

The Dunbar Dicksons here

History of Institute "Books, Billiards, and ..beer?" here

All mentions of someone on the blog can be found under the Person Index. To cut straight to a list of posts, each  dedicated to a particular Marlow individual see "Biographies Of Individuals" on the menu. There is also a "Biographies Of Families" option there. 

Sources:

Local newspapers held at the British Library Archive and accessed via the BNA. 

The Engineer, 18 September 1914. 

The Engineer, collected edition. vol 76, 1893. (Morgan Grampian 1893) 

Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute Vol 47, (SPON  1895)

Engineering and Mining Journal Vol 49, American Institute of Mining and Engineering (McGraw Hill 1890)

©Marlow Ancestors

South Place, Great Marlow

South Place seems to have been first developed in the 1850s. It was formerly the rick yard for Platt's Farm whose farm house you would have found off Mill Rd a little further towards the river and on the other side of the road. It was purchased by George Cannon in 1839. 

South Place is one of those Marlow Streets that if you lived there your address was likely to be described in a bewildering variety of ways in its early days. If you believe your ancestor lived in South Place watch for them being stated as being in Mill Road/Lane (which is the road that South Place leads off), Strong Beer Acre (a vanished area of Marlow previously adjoining the location of South Place), Mill Lane, Platts Road (alternative early name for parts of Mill Road) or Marlow Fields. Census records usually give South Place correctly but other records are very wayward. By the 1890s you should be alright with little variance of address to confuse things.

The earliest residents of South Place lived on the edge of the then built up area of town. Once the nearby railway station arrived in the early 1870s development of the surrounding area picked up pace. The people of South Place however remained easily able to walk out onto open fields and down to the River Thames. 

Being close to the river could have disadvantages of course - the little street was badly flooded in 1894, 1896,1903,1908 and again in the 1940s.

The Prince Of Wales pub on the corner of South Place and Mill Road was often used by barge men for lodgings. The pub started as a beer house. It was there by 1861, getting a full licence in 1864. For a list of the historic landlords of the Prince Of Wales see this post.

As well as the pub lodgers other residents worked on the Thames. One such example was George Picton who lived in South Place with his wife Ann by 1881. In 1893 George was labouring for the Thames Conservancy when the punt he was using overturned near Oxford, drowning him. It was some time before his body was recovered. Ann's first husband James Rockell also drowned in the river. To help manage financially after the death of her husband she took in lodgers at her South Place home but emotional recovery from her double widowhood proved impossible for Ann. Six years after George's death she slit her throat with a razor that had belonged to him. Her married daughter Jane Cox who also lived in South Place and the local surgeon Francis Culhane tried unsuccessfully to save her life after Jane discovered her dying mother. 

For another sad case of a South Place resident drowning in the Thames see Kathryn's post here. 

Ann was not the only suicide in South Place history- twenty two years earlier resident John Ford, a gardener, hung himself in his bedroom. His wife had left him taking his 4 young children and many of their possessions with her. He had gone to Coventry for a while in an unsuccessful attempt to find them. He was described as very depressed upon his return. He had also been physically ill and was living off money raised by selling what remained of his furniture. His body was discovered by his sister Sarah Sparks who had been keeping an eye on him and trying to lift his spirits.

The cottages in the street were generally very small- two rooms up and two down was the standard. In 1897 two such cottages with each their own wash house, outside toilet and garden were rented out to two different families at a collective rent of 17 shillings a year. Bargain!

Small houses didn't deter larger families from settling there. Francis and Prudence Corby present on the 1861 census had six children aged from one year old Harriet up to 18 year old journeyman plasterer Henry at home. Francis was a journeyman bricklayer. Journeymen were skilled labourers who had finished training in their trade but worked for others rather than on their own account. The family still lived in South Place a decade later.

Thomas and Annie Croxon meanwhile squeezed 8 children into their home at the time of the 1881 census. Thomas then was a servant. Later he is censused as a general labourer and an army pensioner.

The couple were still in South Place in the 1910s.

A new and better well and pump were provided for the residents to share in 1866. Other mod cons like street lighting and a proper paved street took longer to arrive in South Place. The road was labelled unsanitary in 1896 so more improvements were still needed then.

Additional notes:

Francis Corby was the born 1817 son of Ambrose and Sarah Corby. He and Prudence Martin married in West Wycombe in 1838. Before they lived at South Place the couple lived at Dean Street [under its original name Well End, not to be confused with Well End Little Marlow] with Prudence's parents.

Thomas Croxon and Anne "Annie" Edwards married in 1866. Their daughter Alice had an illegitimate baby girl who died soon after her birth in South Place.

More information: 

See the "Specific Shops, Streets Etc" menu here  to look for other Marlow addresses and check the Person Index in the top drop down menu to look for all mentions of any individual here. 

Thousands of people are listed!

Posts about everyday life for your ancestor in old Great Marlow: here

©Marlow Ancestors. .

Photo snapped September 2020 by Kathryn Day. Researched and written by Charlotte Day.

Sources:

Censuses, my transcription from microfilm. Census content always remains Crown Copyright.

Property records 

Pub and beer house research of Kathryn Day.

Maidenhead Advertiser 8th Feb 1893 and South Bucks Standard 6th January 1899, British Library Archives.

"Particulars and Conditions of Sale of a very valuable and highly productive freehold estate called Platts Farm" 1839. 

Cox Grave, Marlow

 

 

Memorial stone to Percy Cox 1891- 1918

Ellen Cox 1860 - 1919

Frederick Cox 1861 - 1935

This is located in Marlow Cemetery. 

Other grave photos for Marlow as well as Little Marlow, Hurley and Bisham can be found under the Graves option on the menu. All mentions of an individual can be found under the Person Index.

©Marlow Ancestors. You are very welcome to use this post's content for family or local history purposes with credit to this blog.

Will Of William Sawyer

 William Sawyer, gentleman. Written 1810. Proved 1814.

To loving wife Hester my house in West Street Marlow with the wheeler's shop, stables, backside, land and gardens that go with it. This is in the occupation of testator and the wheelwright Thomas Cox.

All other personal possessions to Hester too.

Witnessed by John Rance Lovegrove, Timothy Tregoe and T. E English.

Codicil:

The property in the will has since been exchanged by William for another Marlow property and this is now to be given to Hester instead.

Witnessed by John Rance Lovegrove, Robert ?Chellow? and Henrietta Lovegrove.

Will transcribed and then summarised by Charlotte Day from a will held at the National Archives,  Kew.

Notes

 Hester's own will was previously  transcribed and summarised on this blog. See here

Timothy Tregoe was a watchmaker. His sister Sarah Puddifant was a near neighbour of William in West Street, as was John Rance Lovegrove who was a plumber and glazier. Henrietta Lovegrove was his wife. TE English was Timothy English, a draper and yet another close neighbour.

For more wills see our will index here

All mentions of any individual, including those mentioned above, on this blog can be found in the person index. Thousands of people are mentioned. These include some of the will's witnessed and other Sawyer's.

©Marlow Ancestors. You are very welcome to use this summary and research for family or local history purposes if you credit this blog.

Musical Chairs At The Chairmakers Arms, Dean Street, Marlow

 THE CHAIRMAKERS ARMS Great Marlow

Updated by Charlotte April 2026.

The Chairmaker's Arms in Dean Street seems to have been a pub dogged by misfortune. No one seemed to want to stay there long. As a fully licensed house, it was not subject to quite as much competition from its numerous beer shop neighbours in Dean Street as might be supposed but it never seemed to thrive.

IMPROPER PERSONS ALERT

The pub is known to have existed in August 1874, but was no more than a few years old then. It was on the Queen's Road side of the street, at the town end, very close to the Jolly Malsters pub. The first few years of the Chairmakers were marked by a rapid turnover of landlords and intermittent closures.

In 1885 John Hodgkins left the pub after a couple of years at the helm. The previous year the pub has been shut up for a while and not trading and then John had tried to have the pub transferred to a Thomas White of Wendover but this was unsuccessful. In February 1885 the brewery holding the premises was granted "holdover"  of the licence from John Hodgkin's to the brilliantly named Neighbour Wilcox, who had come from London with excellent references including from a clergyman. Neighbour Wilcox applied for a permanent licence transfer in March but this was refused after the police objected. They said that Wilcox had been harbouring "improper persons" - known thieves, prostitutes and poachers -on the premises. He was also caught in possession of nets the police believed that he was hiring out for the purposes of poaching on land and in the river. Neighbour said he'd accepted the animal catching nets as part payment of a debt from an ex lodger or, according to other reports, as security on a loan made by him to an associate at Ealing.Wilcox explained away the fishing nets on the basis he had formerly been a fisherman. He insisted that had not been aware anyone drinking on his premises had a bad reputation, he being but an innocent stranger to town. The police answered that they had physically pointed out to Wilcox those he must not serve but spot checks had found that he did serve them. Some spent what was considered a suspicious amount of time there. It was also said that on one occasion when a policeman had entered the pub, Wilcox had made a signal to another man who then hot footed it out of the premises a little too quickly for the suspicious constables liking. Especially as the man concerned was convicted thief Mr Boddy. And the so called undesirables on his premises had come by just to pay for some beer. Their habit of suddenly scrambling over the back fence of the pub on other occasions when the police were about had apparently gone unnoticed by Wilcox. (They are not named other than "Butcher" Lloyd. This is convicted poacher etc George Lloyd ) After Wilcox had the transfer refused, the pub was closed for several weeks. 

In May the temporary holdover licence was granted to Reading publican Thomas White on his second attempt. But only a month later, White said he wanted to give it up. He declared he was ill and asked for the licence transfer to A H Neighbour (Alfred Henry Neighbour previously of the Red lion and Dog & Badger, not to be confused with Neighbour Wilcox. See link below for biography of Alfred.) The bench impatiently refused yet another change so White said he'd continue a while longer. A month later a continuation of this licence was refused as the police again strongly objected to it's continuance. They said that Thomas White was in charge in name only, and in fact did not live on the premises, a condition of the licence. (Although the brewers lawyers argued the necessity of this point.) 

Of course the magistrates were more than a little annoyed by this merry go round and asked the brewery Fullers a few awkward questions about how they were choosing their candidates to put forward for licencing. 

The authorities favoured stable guardianship, with tenants there for the long term. In Marlow, they were more often disappointed in this regard than satisfied. The magistrates expressed frustration at brewery owners for effectively borrowing experienced landlords with reputations for running steady premises and parachuting them into more notorious haunts to avoid those premises being closed. There was no intention of making them stay long term. They hopefully turned a place around, or at least left as soon as the brewery could find someone else to take over. This new person was often someone less experienced who was just treading water there and getting basic experience until a more profitable pub became available. 

A full as we can landlord listing for this pub at the end of the post.

THOMAS WHITE IN CHARGE ...OR IS HE?

In the case of Thomas White, the police alleged that the person actually resident at and presiding over the Chairmakers arms was A.H Neighbour who the authorities had already refused a transfer of the licence to. Mr Neighbour denied this..but applied for the licence anyway in August. The magistrates were not impressed and refused the application. However Mr Neighbour was a determined man and applied again, only to to be refused. (You can read about him in detail here). They noted White appeared to be one of the landlords who'd never intended to stay at the Chairmakers, and in fact his wife and children had never joined him there (assuming White himself had actually ever taken up residence himself.) White admitted he'd spent a number of nights away, and that his family did not live with him. He now said his wife had taken objection to the Chairmakers and refused to come and live there, and this was in fact the real reason he wanted to give the place up. 

The town was awash with rumour that the Chairmakers might finally be breathing its last. But the brewery Fullers would not let that happen just yet. They found a man who they thought the authorities could not object to in experienced landlord and Marlow man, James Edwards of Trinity Court. (Aka Trinity Place) He was able to call several people to attest to his good character, so at last the Chairmakers had an acceptable custodian. But if the authorities breathed a sigh of relief at this, it was premature. Because just 2 years later, James Edwards was on the move again, to the Verney Arms elsewhere in Dean Street. In fact James moved around premises fairly often as a sort of "fixer" and temporary safe pair of hands for the brewery. You will find him listed under many pubs in our landlord listings.

 This latest move was not quite to the liking of James though. The Chairmakers lease had been sold by Fuller's to Henley brewery Holmes and Harper and James had been given notice by the former. Holmes & Harper asked him to stay on as manager on a temporary basis once his notice period was up, for £1 a week. This was because, surprise surprise, they did not have someone immediately available to take over. When they did, James demanded his full notice again. The brewers disputed the need for this, tried to get him ejected and were not immediately successful. Ambrose Frith eventually took over the Chairmaker's Arms.

A CRIME AGAINST YOUNG EDITH

In 1904, the pub was the scene of a crime that gives a window into life in the area at the time. Eleven year old Edith Hillsdon (in some reports Hillsden) of Dean Street was sent by her father Joseph to sell a bag of walnuts. In doing so she called at the Chairmaker Arms. Walnut trees grew at a number of locations around town and there have been many many convictions of those allegedly trespassing to gather them, or indeed steal them. There's no suggestion Edith had got hers in any underhand way, but the crop had more value relatively speaking than would be obvious to us now. On entering the pub, Edith put the bag of walnuts down on a table and turned away for a moment to speak to the landlord. Turning back round she found them missing. A tearful Edith had then to explain to her father what had happened. A witness saw her receiving a beating for the loss. Edith managed to tell her father that she believed a drinker in the pub, William Collins, had been the one to take her bag. A furious and apparently drunk Joseph went into the Chairmakers and collared Collins, throwing him to the floor and pinning him to the ground. A passing constable heard the furore and rushed in. He conducted a search and (acting on a tip off according to some) found the bag, with just one nut in it, hidden amongst timber in the yard. Collins denied wrong doing, but was charged. He later claimed to have legitimately bought the walnuts but he could not say from whom. He was fined 10s for the offence, as it was not his first conviction. 

LANDLORD LISTING-

1878- pub to let (September 14th Reading Mercury advert). Doing good trade it was said and able to sell spirits. "Chairmakers Arms Inn". A Fullers Brewery of Maidenhead pub. A Mr Cooke applied to the magistrates for the licence later that year but was refused as he could not offer sufficient testimonials as to his character.

1880 - 1.) William Holford who left the pub in March 2.) John Treadwell. He was sent to the pub by Fullers brewery several days before the Magistrates' licensing meeting could officially grant the licence to him. It was understood that though the licence was going to be in John's name, his son Frederick would run the business on a day to day basis, and both would live on the premises. The brewery and the Treadwell's thought that the magistrates would not mind a slight gap between the Treadwell's arriving and getting their alcohol licence. However an undercover police inspector charged Frederick for selling beer without a license within minutes of the pair opening the premises, which resulted in Frederick being fined 3 shillings - he was the one behind the bar. Nevertheless John was allowed to take on the licence officially. He lasted 6 months at the pub 3.) Thomas Miles.

1881 - 1). Thomas Miles 2.) John Hodgkins (alt. Hodgeskins)

1884 - John Hodgkins (proposed transfer to John Windsor falls through. For more on John Windsor see the Bricklayers Arms landlords listing) to Neighbour Wilcox then to Thomas White, (then unsuccessful attempt to transfer to A. Neighbour), then to James Edwards. See above for explanation.

1887 - James Edwards  2. Ambrose Frith.

1888 - 1. James "Jim" Stonor 2. James Millett.

1889 - 1.William Brown. 2. Alfred Lee.

1891 - Alfred Lee.

1893 - Alfred Lee -transfers premises to William Henry Taylor (latter had been granted holdover previous year).

1894 - WHF Taylor/William Taylor 2. William Herniman.

1895 -William Hernaman qv. Proposed transfer of licence back to Alfred Lee refused. Alfred would later run a grocery shop and dairy in Dean Street.

1896 - William Oliver Hernaman 2. James Cox.

1897 - Fred Herniman/Hermanean (authorities don't seem to know what spelling to fix on!) James Edward gets a holdover for the premises late this year, a second stint. See above.  He is the usual choice to temporarily take charge of a premises in Marlow when a landlord leaves until a permanent choice is made. As such he's served behind the bar in a large no of Marlow's pubs. 

1898 -  James Stroud.

1903 - James Stroud.

1906 - is reported to be shut up for a few weeks. James Stroud has left and a holdover was granted to James Henry Belchar. 

1907 - James Belcher* Fully licenced. 

1911 - James Belcher. Moved to the Carrier's Arms, Wycombe Road. More here.

1913 - Closed Permanently? Yet 1915 trade directory gives Mrs Belcher as landlady. It is common for these books to contain out of date information however.

* For more on James Belcher, see Here.

Researched by Charlotte and Kathryn, written by Kathryn.

For similar posts look under Pub Related menu here. And to find every mention of your ancestor here, use the A-Z Person Index in the top drop down menu. More Dean Street content can be found on the menu under "Specific Shops, Streets ...ETC".

SOURCES 

Numerous adverts, licence hearing reports, premises details, and crime reports and:

Maidenhead Advertiser,19 March, 1st October 1884, held at the British Library Archive and accessed via the BNA. 

Bucks Herald, 09 February, 22 March 1884, as above. 

Bucks Free Press 21st March 1884 Bucks Free Press Archives.

South Bucks Standard 14th October 1892, 06 January 1893 , 04 November 1904, as above. 

Kathryn's landlord listing index and Charlotte's property ownership research. 

Kelly's Post Office Directory, 1903, 1907, 1920 Kellys Directories Ltd. 

Election Rioters 1880 *Updated January 2024*

On 2nd April 1880 the electors of the Borough of Great Marlow went to the polls to elect an MP. When the Liberal candidate was revealed to have lost out to Conservative Owen Williams tempers frayed amidst the deep disappointment of many working class people. Men, women, boys and girls threw stones at William's election base at the Crown and at other town centre properties known to be occupied by his supporters. They then took to using umbrellas, walking sticks and clubs to do damage. As the evening drew on the women and children melted away and Marlow men were joined by those who had come from Bisham, Little Marlow and High Wycombe to protest. Some estimates give the number of rioters then at over 2000, some even 3,000. Violence escalated when ladders that had been left leaning up against the Crown by those putting up new lights were used to break windows and as an attempted battering ram to try to get into the building. (The men using the ladders may have been working on the framework intended to hold illuminations to mark Williams victory.)  Police were outnumbered and summoned soldiers to quell the riot. This they did but not until some £1000 worth of damage had occurred in the town. 

45 people were arrested as a result, of which 42 were charged. Of the 42 most were Marlow men, said to have been at a disadvantage as the local constables knew their faces and names and so could easily find them later if not seized at the time. Wycombe men could flee with less risk of being called to account. I could not find evidence of an outcome for all of those charged, or even all their names, at least not yet. It may be not all charges were pursued.

The following were those I have found charged with being part of the riot, with outcomes to their cases if any are known. I have confined myself to Marlow men. None of the ladies were arrested. To read about an earlier mainly female lead riot in Marlow see this post

Reuben Anderson

Bill against him thrown out by Jury at early stage in legal process. A labourer aged 36 in Oxford Road at time of 1881 census. But he lived St Peter's Street 1880, a few months after the riot, when he intervened to stop a woman neighbour of his being harassed and threatened by a man who had fallen out with her brother. A few weeks later fined for gathering wood that didn't belong to him. He died in 1890. Read a biography of Reuben here

Alfred Edward Allum

Age "25" or "26", court reports differed [probably actually a few years older] labourer when sentenced. 2 months hard labour. Probably aka Brassey - see here

Edward Anson

Aged 18. Sentenced to just one day in prison because of his youth and low involvement in events. Had been recommended for mercy by the jury. 

William Borden or Burden or Barden

Only rioter denied bail. 2 months hard labour.

Henry Bowles

Age 27. Labourer. 2 months hard labour. Grew up Dean Street. Also known as Harry.

John Bowles

2 months hard labour. Age 24, labourer. 

Robert Bowles

Age 22 and a labourer when tried. 2 months hard labour. 1881 census - skewer maker. For more on this trade in Marlow see this post. Son of Robert, a fruiterer, and Eliza. Grew up Hatches Row, Dean Street and still there 1881 census. This row is now demolished. He was an agricultural labourer age 13 on 1871 census. Robert was allegedly one of those who wrested a ladder from workers at the Crown, in order to use ladder to batter their way inside. He struck the man in charge of the ladder - bricklayer John White - causing John to loose vision in his eye for three days. Described by one policeman as "very violent" on the day. 

Joseph Cox

Sentenced to 2 months hard labour. Presumably the 49 year old labourer who appears in Marlow on the 1881 census in South Place although it sounds in some accounts he was younger. Was seen with a bludgeon by one witness. 

Joseph Dormer

Sentenced to 2 months hard labour. Bricklayer's labourer around 40 years old. Lived Marefield at time, later York Road (the same area). Grew up Gun Lane [now Trinity Road] and Dean Street.

Henry East

Six weeks hard labour. Without a stated age impossible to identify in other records.

James East

Six weeks hard labour. Without a stated age impossible to identify for certain in other records.

James Folly / Folley  alias Steptoe

Aged 32/34 and a bricklayer. Seen using a ladder to break windows. 2 months hard labour.

Joseph Hicks

 A tinker who lived Dean Street 1881. In his late 40s, exact age varies on censuses. Fined the year before the riots along with another man for stopping their cart in the road for too long. Case not proceeded with for riot. 

John Langley junior 

Ringleader of the initial protest but tried hard to calm things down when shops started getting damaged. Given 6 weeks hard labour only after jury recommended mercy. Could afford his own representation at the Quarter Sessions. Aged 25. On the 1881 census a salesman, earlier was a fruiterer, a long time Langley association. His conviction caused outrage in some quarters as it was believed he was targeted because of recent active promotion of the Liberal cause in Marlow. His father, also John had campaigned for the Liberal candidate Griffith too. A subscription fund was set up and the money raised was used to present to John a tea and coffee set from an expensive London maker as a token of esteem. The presentation was made at the Verney Arms, Dean Street, long connected with the Langley family. Read more about the pub here. John himself wrote a public letter of complaint against his conviction, after he had completed his sentence. He said he had been denied the opportunity to call witnesses that could have proved his innocence. A full biography of John is available here

Charles Mullett

Labourer aged 41. Lived in Dean Street 1881 census and a "pensioner". Originally from High Wycombe. Bill against him is "ignored" eg not proceeded with. 

William Moody. 

Threw stone at a policeman early on. Sentenced 2 months hard labour. Nearly 40 years old. Lived Oxford Road 1881 and a chair polisher. 

Albert Rockell

Age "18" [actually nearly 22]. Labourer when convicted. 6 weeks jail. (Or 8 weeks according to second source)  He was the son of James, a bargee / labourer and Sarah an embroiderer. Grew up in Gun Place and Gun Lane Marlow. The former no longer exists, the latter is called Trinity Road today. Albert had been fined £1 in 1876 for playing the illegal game of pitch and toss (coin throwing game which involved betting and was very popular with young men) at Bovingdon Green. He was listed as a hawker on the 1881 census when he lived with his older brother George and his family. Two years later was fined 10 shillings for assaulting a William Fletcher.

Henry Rockell

2 months hard labour. There are a couple of different potential Henry Rockells in other records which this one could be. Was said to be very active at Remnantz, throwing stones and attempting to break in, unsuccessfully. 

William Henry Silvey

A 33 year old shoemaker. Had a witness, grocer Joseph Dorsett of Market Square to show he went shopping with his wife [Fanny] early in the evening after leaving the Crown crowd. However witness admitted William's pockets looked bulging and prosecution said yes that was with stones he later returned and threw at the Crown. 6 weeks jail. On 1881 census he and Fanny lived Cambridge Road. Later lived Queen's Road. Later convictions for drunkenness.

James Benjamin Smith

Aged 22. Bricklayers labourer. 6 weeks in jail. Probably of Lane End. Limited evidence of his direct involvement in any serious damage but considered to be just as guilty as those taking a more active part simply by his presence there!

George Sparkes

Jury threw out bill against him. A 28 year old general labourer. Lived Oxford Road 1881 census.

Henry Stone

Six weeks hard labour. 

Thomas Stone

Six weeks hard labour. Was seen to be one of those wielding ladder that broke the Crown windows. 

William Tubb

Fined £5 plus costs by Magistrates for malicious damage, relating to breaking a pane of glass at The Horns, Chapel Street.  (One of 17 broken there that day.)  He went to the pub the following day, denied breaking the glass and asked the landlord John Coleshill not to press charges for the sake of his wife and 5 children. Coleshill's daughter Sarah had said there were about 40 persons in the mob outside their premises but she only recognised Tubb. He did not have to go to Quarter Sessions after evidence behind further charges for riotous assembly was not considered sufficient. Shoemaker aged 33 on 1881 census. Lived Dean Street.   

Cases not proceeded with against Wycombe men Owen and John Watkins, both chairmakers and labourer Charles Mullett also of Wycombe. 

*Additional info by Kathryn -  Riot Act was read by magistrate Somers Cocks at about 9pm, 3 hours after the election result was announced. (Some reports say at 8pm) All the lights had been put out. An 1882 account says that hot water and a hose from the brewery was used to dispell the group. Later accounts list other dispersal tactics, not necessarily mutually exclusive, of which the one that's survived longest in the popular imagination is the idea that guns were loaded with red jam and blanks to make the rioters think they had been both shot and hurt. I have not found a contemporary reference to this yet though! (The same story was related about the commotion after the 1868 election, complete with raspberry jam.)  Contemporary reports say that although a call for help was made for military assistance to the Grenadier Guards at Windsor, some confusion meant it was not actually delivered. Those describing the riot first hand immediately afterwards do not mention any Guards present while the riot was ongoing. The Bucks Herald says a repeat order for military assistance was countermanded as quiet had been restored by about midnight. The Buckinghamshire Advertiser credited the end of the riot to the gathering together of about 60 special constables, under command of a police superintendent from High Wycombe, who formed a barrier across West Street and used their truncheons "freely". (This superintendent thought there was 3,000 men gathered by 7pm!) The following morning 70 police and an untold number of special constables were on duty in Marlow while the operation of bringing the alleged ringleaders to court was ongoing, and that of rounding up other participants. The police were to patrol in groups, according to the order of  the Chief Constable of Bucks. He had arrived on the morning after the riot to assume control of the police force in Marlow temporarily. 

Violence had actually broken out before the voting even began, outside the Crown as Conservative headquarters. Blows were exchanged with liberal supporters but they dispersed before law and order arrived. The Greyhound was regarded as the centre of Liberal supporters before voting day. It hosted a "working man's meeting" the week before, which ended in a vote to support Liberal candidate Mr J Griffiths. Among the other damaged properties were the Prince Of Wales pub, the Three Tuns (every window broken and the bar damaged), the brewery offices, the shops of Charles Miller Foottit (chemist, High Street and Conservative supporter, lamp and flag pole trashed, upper windows broken, lower ones protected by iron shutters) and William Hankin (tobacconist, High Street. Shop totally sacked. Pipes from here were allegedly bring flogged cheaply in the beer houses that evening), the home of Charles Carter (parish surveyor),  the home of George Ward (High Street, all windows and any sashes broken), the home of Dr Shone, and in a minor way, the Railway Hotel (the Marlow Donkey as it's now known. The widowed Mrs Porter in charge had apparently been seen sporting Conservative colours on her carriage the week before). At the home of Robert Hammond Chambers, the avalanche of stones was severe enough to break plate glass windows a quarter inch thick and smash the substantial closed wooden shutters inside them. The stones damaged a wall across the other side of the room. A man was seen to be in the attempt of using a large stone to smash the entrance door but he was knocked down by a constable before he could break in.  Foottit said he'd found a quarter of a hundredweight of large stones on one of the beds in his home. Some paving slabs had been torn up for use too!

Interestingly Superintendent William Sargent of Wycombe said that the defeated Liberal candidate Griffiths had warned him long before the result was known that he suspected the potential for trouble if the Liberals lost. He added that Griffiths had suggested that policeman should be stationed outside the Conservative Wethered's home but he declined to do so in case it "tantalized" the crowd and he was blamed personally for this. Reports that the contents of Bisham's ballot box were going to be seized by a group of "roughs" as they were bought across the bridge to be counted in Marlow were taken more seriously. It was closely guarded. 

Griffith's himself appears to have left in his carriage quite soon after his loss was announced. Some reports say he passed the Crown just as the victor Colonel Williams appeared at an upper window to address the crowd, and that Williams called for three cheers for his opponent, but had trouble being heard. 

Even children (of both sexes) were apparently seen throwing stones at the various windows. The Bucks Herald (very pro conservative) said the first blow was struck by a liberal supporter on a conservative one, who was taken into the Crown with the aid of 4 men fighting their way through. They also claim that there was a cry to torch the Crown. The next day (Saturday)  there were here and there "significant stains of blood" to be seen in the streets. Even then a flare up of violence was feared and 70 police were on duty. Colonel Wethered decided that most of the arms of the Volunteers should be removed from their Armoury which was then at the Crown. He bought them back to his home and placed them under the care of 16 armed men. Two consignments of the Berkshire police were put on guard outside Bisham Abbey and Temple House but they had nothing to do. The biggest interest on Sunday was in viewing the damage, and people are said to have travelled from Wycombe to do just that. Some later reports suggest a guard made up of members of the Volunteers had been kept up outside the brewery for the next week. 

It's interesting that Colonel Williams held an open session at the Crown in the following April to hear complaints from his tenants about their treatment. He said during the election campaign he'd often been told his tenants were against him but he didn't believe it as no one had said so to his face. On reflection he thought "2 or 3" of these complaints justified further investigations and so so the aggrieved could present their case to him at The Crown on the day mentioned. If any did so, I don't know. 

Rioters info researched and written by Charlotte Day. Additional research Kathryn. 

Related Posts:

Marlow people loved a good riot. So far we have posts up on three previous riots, the 1800 Women's Riots here, 1847 Election riot here and the Swing Riots here.

Voters bribery case of Jason Povey here

For other crime related posts look see the list here

To find every mention of an individual here, see the A-Z person index in the top drop down menu. 

©Marlow Ancestors. 

Sources:

Census, my transcription from microfilm. 

Great Marlow Parish Registers, my transcription

Newspapers from the British Library / BNA collaboration: Buckingham Advertiser 3rd July 1880, Bucks Herald 3rd& 10th April, 26th June and 7th August and 30th August 1880, Maidenhead Advertiser 14th April 1880, Reading Mercury 17th April 1880. Buckingham Advertiser and Aylesbury News April 10th 1880. 

Judicial records research of Jane Pullinger.

Padk, Arthur Thomas From Lock to Lock, a playful guide, "Judy Office" 1882. 

Information from Anthony Wethered. 

Bucks Free Press 8th June 1934, High Wycombe library 

The Bonnet O' Blue and Royal Standard

 

 The Bonnet O' Blue also known as the Bonnet So Blue or more rarely the Blue Bonnets was in West Street very close to Borlase School.

The first mention that I found of it was in the handwritten 1833 parochial assessment notebooks that my family has. In that the William Stratford occupies a house used as a beerhouse and a garden together assessed as having an annual value of £4 10 shillings.

William was born in the 1770s and had married at Medmenham Bucks in 1801 Fanny West. The couple seem to have moved to Marlow in the 1810s. Fanny died in 1840. The couple's children have links to a number of other Marlow pubs - daughter Almeria born 1809 married Henry Beckett in Medmenham 1829 who would go on to run the Queen Pub in Quoiting Square - see here; daughter Sarah married George Johnson and went on to run the Hand and Flowers in West Street / Henley Road both with her husband and later as a widow on her own - see here; son Robert took over the Bonnet O' Blue after his father's death in 1843.

William Stratford left a will. He wrote it a year before his death. In the will he left all his household goods, plate, linen, wearing apparel, stock in trade, implements, utensils and all other property to his son Robert and nephew Henry Stratford. His son in law Henry Beckett was the will's executor. Witnesses were "Henry Jones, clerk to Mr Spicer" [Ralph Spicer was a lawyer in West Street] and Nathaniel Gordon veterinary surgeon [an Irishman, also of West Street].

As I said above Robert Stratford took over the licence of the Bonnet O'Blue. He had married Keziah Tuckwell at Medmenham in 1835. Sadly Robert died in 1849. Keziah had also left the premises by the time of the 1851 census when she was living in Oxford Road Marlow, or Oxford Lane as it was then known, with her nephew George Cox. She was earning a living as a seamstress. Later she went to live with her deceased husband's sister Sarah Johnson who was running the Hand and Flowers. She was on the 1871 census as a charwoman but may have helped out in the pub too if needed. Certainly when Sarah died in 1877 Keziah took over the license of the Hand and Flowers until 1882 when Henry Carter took over.

In 1855 then landlord James Pattison was summoned before the magistrates for running a disorderly house and "encouraging music and dancing" but the case was not proved. Sounds like the place to be in Marlow at the time!

Very close to the Bonnet O'Blue in the sub-divided Albion House was the Royal Standard. This was a pub by 1856. It was occupied between 1869 and 1883 by John Jeffrie / Jeffreys. It was also known as the Standard of England. It's location is shown, far left in the picture at the top of the page. It is possible that this was a new name for the Bonnet O'Blue, whose exact location is uncertain but was clearly very close to the same spot, if not the same premises. Albion House was of course the former home of the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley and his writer wife Mary. The pub premises contained a room believed to be either their dining room or drawing room. Percy's study was in a portion of the building not part of the pub. The Royal Standard had a "taproom" but this just contained seating for the customers, the beer being fetched from the landlord's stores as required. There was not a bar. Such an arrangement was common in the small, humble beerhouse.

The Royal Standard shut down in 1890 as the site was due to be taken over by the nearby Borlase school to use as extra capacity, with a classroom below and rooms above for teachers as well as a few boys to stay in.

More former uses for Albion House in whole or in part:

Flint family home (embroiders) here

Royal Military College junior branch here

Breakaway worshippers from Congregational Church after Rev Thomas Styles marriage - here

Mrs Tylecote's school here

Other related posts:

For more pub posts see Pub Related on the menu.

All mentions of someone on the blog can be found on the Person Index.

Fuller list of Bonnet O'Blue landlords here

More West Street content can be found by choosing "Specific Shops, Streets...etc" on the top drop down menu. 

Index of posts related to everyday life in old Marlow: here

Written by Charlotte Day, additional research and photograph by Kathryn Day.

Sources: 

Medmenham Parish Registers.

GRO Death and Marriage Registration Indexes online from the GRO.

1833 parochial assessment notebooks, original items held by my family and transcribed by me.

Bucks Herald 23rd June 1877, copy held in the British Library Archives. Accessed by me March 2021 via the BNA.

South Bucks Free Press 22nd December 1882. As above.

Reading Mercury 13 Oct 1855

Pub licence transfer research of Kathryn Day. 

1851 and 1871 England and Wales census, transcribed from microfilm by Jane Pullinger. Thanks Jane.

The Journal Of Education in Upper Canada, Volume 9, Egerton, Rev, - Ryerson, Lovell and Gibson, 1856

©Marlow Ancestors. You are welcome to use this research for family and local history purposes with credit to this blog and a link here so that the sources listed above do not lose credit for the information that they provided.

Chapel Street Area Schools

The earliest known private School in Marlow was established circa 1757 by George Faux AKA Fox*. This was a boys' school and was known as Faux's Academy. It was located in where is now The Cedars near the corner of Glade Road and Chapel Street. He died in 1797 and left all he had, including 3 cottages in nearby Chapel Street to his wife Ann. It does not appear that he owned the school premises however.

Ann was involved with the domestic arrangements of the school. In her youth she had been a servant of Princess Amelia, daughter of George 2nd. She died at Marlow in 1823 age 85 according to her obituary. At that time tribute was paid to how Ann had paid "the most correct and anxious attention to the health and comfort to the hundreds of pupils who were educated at that respectable seminary".

By 1818 the school was operated by a Mr and Mrs Henry Terry as Great Marlow Academy. Former pupil Charles West Cope in his memoirs recalled his time at the school then as one of absolute misery amid constant bullying by other boys. He was then  aged seven. He described how the usher (assistant teacher) at the school took the boys into the beech woods on their half day off but did nothing to stop the older children deliberately getting the younger ones lost and then leaving them alone, or killing squirrels with sling shots. During one bullying incident Charles suffered a broken elbow and dislocated shoulder. Whilst he was recovering he was thrown into a ditch of thistles and burnt (accidentally but negligently in that case) with a candle by other boys. 

With a serious burn and thistle injuries to deal with as well as his original injuries Charles weakened and developed a fever. A surgeon called for leeches for the poor child- and amputation tools in case he considered it best to remove the arm!

Thankfully that did not happen but Charles never recovered full use of his injured limb. He was removed from the school and returned to his family in Yorkshire. I wish I could say his school life was happier thereafter but his memories of his time at Leeds Grammar School included masters who pulled boys' ears till they bled amongst other cruelties. The price the family of Charles paid for his "education" by the Terrys was 24 guineas including board, lodging and laundry (the last was often not included in standard fees.) For boys over 8 years the fee was 26 guineas per annum. Some subjects were charged extra for if studied- these included Latin, Greek, French and land surveying / mapping skills. 

Henry Terry and his wife Isabella were clearly not the best when it came to supervising their student's behaviour. This may have told on them in the end as Henry suffered bankruptcy in 1826. All his school equipment including 300 books had to be auctioned off to pay creditors. Reverend William Faulkner, originally from Oxford, bought the equipment and took over the premises after some refurbishments. His was a high class boarding school for boys and a great success but perhaps it was not really William's vocation as he was after all an ordained clergyman. It was common for clergy without positions to set up as school masters. In 1838 he got a position as a vicar in Hanging Heaton Yorkshire and gave up the school. His wife Rose (nee Bond of Great Marlow, his second wife) had died of fever in 1832, while his son Frank a trainee doctor had drowned in the Thames at Marlow** whilst on a visit home so perhaps he felt like leaving the town anyway. The sale of goods when he gave up his school make his establishment sound a fun place because as well as the usual school desks, maps and globes there was scenery and props for amateur theatricals, an "electricity machine" for science demonstrations (William was one of the members of the British Society For The Advancement Of Science), a pianoforte and tambourines. The school had a dedicated playground then too as it had done when the Terrys ran things -in those days the boys had used it as somewhere to roast in makeshift ovens the squirrels they had killed in the woods! We can only hope this was not due to a lack of other food provided!

Tragically, William became ill and died within a few months of arriving at Hanging Heaton.

The former school building was put up for sale just as an ordinary house after Faulkner left but along came someone else who wanted to run a school on the premises - Samuel Field Cooper (previously of Regent House Academy, Romford, Essex) and his wife Elizabeth who used the name Prospect House Academy for their enterprise. This can be a little confusing as there was later another house called Prospect House nearby later. That was also used for a school for a while. More on that further down this post. 

Samuel Field Hooper died in 1840 not long after the family arrived in Marlow. He was in the prime of his life. The couple's third son 9 month old Markham died of influenza at the school just two months later.  Elizabeth (nee Grace) continued to run the school with two live in schoolmasters. She had more than 20 residential pupils in 1841. 

One of Elizabeth's assistant teachers William H Baker, appointed head master after her husband's death,  took over the premises full time in his own right after he married his master's widow in 1841. William pursued a revolutionary, for the time, system of education for the young boys he taught and boarded. He believed children didn't need to learn by rote or by having a terror of making mistakes instilled into them. Treat them with kindness he said and encourage their natural love of discovery and the boys will develop a life long thirst for learning and get through their lessons far more quickly. Harsh measures were on the other hand "calculated to debase the minds of youth'. Although a member of the Church of England, he stressed that the religious education offered would be suitable for congregationalists and other dissenters. Regular lectures on science and philosophy were an extra option during the colder months when the boys couldn't use the school's large playground so much in their leisure hours. William was passionate about astronomy in particular.

In fair weather he encouraged his pupils to play cricket in a nearby meadow which the school had long used and to go angling on the Thames, which in those distant days could actually be seen from the house. He took the boys down to the river to teach them to swim. The boys' cricketing uniform for a match against a Wycombe school in 1843 consisted of a straw hat with blue ribbon around it, a blue striped shirt and white trousers. 

His wife Mrs Baker helped run the school and offered "abundant, nutritious food". Her maternal care was considered to make the school especially suited to boys of a delicate constitution - or so they said! 

The annual price for a boarding place at the school, including washing of clothes (which as mentioned before often wasn't included in school fees) and school books was 30 guineas. Dancing lessons extra. Each pupil was required to bring with them a silver spoon and 6 towels. 

Boys at the school were prepared for university or commercial pursuits " foreign or domestic" including agriculture. Book keeping and land surveying were thus amongst the subjects studied as well as traditional ones such as grammar and French. A later reminiscence about the school said wealthy farmers especially liked to send their children there. (Although other pupils were undoubtedly from the gentry.) In 1846 it was decided to target the market of agricultural families more particularly. Baker advertised that he would be adding regular series of lectures on subjects such as geology and chemistry adapted to agricultural purposes to the curriculum. Overall the range of subjects studied was much broader than that usually offers in grammar schools and the like. Elocution, drawing, Latin, French, Greek, modern history (not just ancient), and geography taught with "globes both terrestrial and celestial" were all on the menu. 

Religious instruction was of course also attended to. "Particular regard is given to the moral and religious deportment of the pupils who are regularly instructed in the pages of the holy writ" claimed Mr Baker. 

Each year the school had a public examination of the pupils, to show off their learning and of course attract the attention of parents of prospective pupils. Sometimes this was held at the school, at other times in the town hall. The pupils work in the form of penmanship and drawing was also put in display, to very favourable reviews. In 1845 the pupil exhibition included a play performed in French with "a purity of accent not to be expected in ones so young".

While it did well at first and the Bakers were much liked in the town, for unknown reasons they developed financial difficulties and had to move away.

Prospect House Academy was taken over in 1848 by Thomas Mathews who offered a classical and commercial education for boys. Buoyed by his success attracting new pupils, Thomas in 1857 took the impressive Marlow Place for his school which became known as Marlow Place Academy. To read more about this school see my general schools post published here and a more detailed post here

Their former school building became home to the Cock(e)s sisters by 1861, who renamed it The Glade. More on Charlotte Cocks here

With the name Prospect House no longer in use it was reused as the name for another house almost opposite the Glade at the junction on Little Marlow Road, Chapel Street and Wycombe Road. This building no longer exists. It too had been in use as a school. In this case it was a school for girls ran by a Miss Clark or Clarke in 1844. The school seems to have gone out of use relatively quickly and the building was for a while in domestic use. A James and Sarah Cox lived at the new Prospect House from at least 1869. James farmed some of the fields nearby. He ran a dairy business until he retired in 1883. By then he had moved to St Peter's Street.

Mary Henderson died at Prospect House in 1899 aged 55 (when she was paying £55 per annum for her lease) while a Mr Christopher Sparks was the resident by 1903 and until at least 1908. Christopher was a builder, tax assessor and insurance agent. In 1900 the house was described at auction as containing 5 bedrooms, 2 reception rooms, a kitchen, and stabling while earlier descriptions invariably mention a large detached wash house too. 

Two years later the building was returned to scholastic use. It was a general school for girls and a prep school for boys called Prospect House School. Day and boarding places were available. Subjects offered included Domestic Economy, Home Nursing and Musical Theory. This school didn't seem to last long however as Prospect House was the ordinary home of a Mrs Debbin, widow, in 1912.

Captain and Mrs Homerton were the residents in 1918 when their son was born there.

Our blog focuses on pre- 1920 Marlow so I'll leave it there.

Written and researched by Charlotte  Day with additional research by Kathryn Day.

*Faux or Fox probably gave his name to Foxes Piece which originally described land on both sides of Glade Rd, just beyond Cedar House and on the opposite side. Find out more here

**William's brother James a Chartist and Temperance campaigner not to mention grocer, druggist, town councillor and temperance hotel proprietor of Oxford also drowned in a river.

More Chapel Street related posts indexed here

Sources for this post included:

Pigots Royal, National and Commercial Directory 1831 and 1844. Both University of Leicester Archives.

1841, 51 census transcribed by me from microfilm. Census information always remains Crown Copyright.

Memoirs of Charles West Cope, published by Bentley. 1881.

Kelly's Directory 1911 & 1915.

Newspapers at the British Library archives, supplied by the BNA: South Bucks Standard 17 June 1898, 7th February 1908,  30th September 1910 and 18th July 1912.

Reading Mercury 17th February 1838, 16 December 1843 as above.

Oxford University and City Herald, 6th July 1839. As above.

Morning Chronicle 15 January 1819, & Aylesbury News 20 December 1845 British Library. 

Windsor and Eton Express 08 February 1823, Slough Library.

Property records held by my family and transcribed by me.

"Particulars and Conditions of Sale of a very valuable and productive estate known as Platts Farm" - 1839, printed by George Cannon. (Foxes Piece land descriptions) 

GRO death index

©Marlow Ancestors. You are very welcome to use this content for family and local history purposes with credit to this blog and a link here.

Historic Landlords of The Plough, Marlow

 Updated by Charlotte April  2026.

Location : Address may be given variously as Little Marlow Road, Wycombe Road, "the Bourne End Road", Town End, Marlow Fields, or Chapel End. Wycombe Road is the most common in historic use but Little Marlow Road was the "proper" address in more modern times. 

The Plough has been demolished, and replaced by this housing. Image ©Colin Groves. 

1854 - James Johnson. Pub "newly erected" in 1853.  James was however a carrier long before, running to London. In 1843 he suffered a severe setback when a valuable horse of his stumbled and fell in harness while crossing the bridge at "Bone End, Wooburn".  [Bone End is now known as Bourne End] The bridge sides were only 2ft high and horse fell head first over them, to be left dangling with its head in the water. James was only slightly injured and frantically tried to cut the horse free with the help of others who ran to his aid but it was too late. The horse was valued at £14. The Bucks Advertiser complained that the bridges in the neighborhood were poorly constructed and dangerous as a whole. 

Property description 1853 from Reading Mercury 17th December edition= 8 rooms, with double coach house, stabling and yard.

1861 - James Johnson (born St.Albans)

1864 - James Johnson (address  given as Chapel Street) Also runs carrier service. 

1869 - James Johnson

1870 - James Meakes. Previously of Little Marlow. Cousin of George Joseph AKA Joseph Meakes pub landlord of a Lane End pub. See here.

1874 - "Plough Inn". That year Joseph Meakes the father of James died at the pub.

1877- "Plough Inn" James Meakes. He married that year Eliza Mann (originally of Norwich). Had his licence endorsed for allowing gambling on the premises and opening later than allowed. James said everyone who was there out of hours were his private guests and were there in a back room to celebrate his forthcoming marriage and no money changed hands. He had forgot to lock the door he said but had called time by 11pm. However the magistrates considered the charge of gambling definitely proved, which was not allowed in a pub under any circumstances. So he was  fined but only a mitigated amount in consideration of his previous good conduct despite a previous warning for a similar offence. Eliza features as an unmarried woman in this post.

"The Plough Commercial Inn" . 

1881 - James Meakes

1883 - James Tompkins "Marlow Fields"

1884 - J. Meakes. Seemingly James back again.

1885 - James Meakes (one source said John but that obviously wrong). James was dead by 1891 as his wife Eliza was listed as a widyw. She had moved to Little Marlow. 2. John Gale. John advertised the fact that he had a lock-up coach house and stabling for guests. He hoped to attract commercial travellers to the pub. It is possible that John is the man of that name who later lived in Victoria Road Marlow and gave his occupation as a "retired coachman". A man of this name was coachman at Marlow Place in Station Road in 1885.

1886 - John Gale

1891 - John Gale.

1892 - John Gale then GB Hughes

1893 - G.B Hughes (See also The Carrier's Arms here) (also carrier running to Reading two days a week and to Wycombe on Fridays) Later at the Black Lion, Well End. 

1895 - Mr and Mrs Smith. Provided dinners and teas for group outings coming to Marlow in order to enjoy the river.

1896 - Samuel Smith

1898  - Sam Smith transfers to Fred. Carter.

1901 - Carter dies aged just 36. Widow Elizabeth takes on licence in immediate aftermath. 

1902 - George Frederick Cox.

1903 - George Frederick Cox.

1905 - Charles F Cox 2. Mr A? Wheeler. Most likely Henry Wheeler as below. 

1907 - Henry George Wheeler. That year his pub was the site of raucous celebrations after Henry East of Dean Street was acquitted at the Old Bailey of serious theft charges. The celebrations saw Wheeler charged with allowing drunkenness on his premises but the magistrate recognised that his small pub had been overwhelmed by 150-200 revellers and he had done all he could to keep order. One of the guests, teenager Kate Lunnon of Hatches Row, Dean Street had previously worked for East was however fined for getting insensibly drunk and passing out on a dung heap in the Plough Yard after drinking a whisky and ginger beer. She could have been more unfortunate and fallen in the pig stye that we know was also in the yard in that year (keeping the pigs of Harry Bowles). To be fair to her the pub was very small, full of people smoking and by all accounts stiflingly hot. Her arguement that she actually fainted after being helped outside to get some air sounds very credible. Henry East had bought her one drink but as far as I can see that was the extent of her alcohol consumption that evening. I demand a retrial! More on the Henry East court case here.

In 1908 Henry Wheeler suffered from a bad head injury after an accident involving his cart and another in collision on the Wycombe Road, past Burroughs Grove. He was dragged along the ground all the way back to the Inn. The other cart was undamaged, Henry's destroyed. Wife "Lizzie"/Elizabeth was nee Brown and was born in The Mint pub in Dean Street where her parents were in charge.  See here. He born London. Hosts the Plough Sick and Dividend Club slate club. 

1913 - "Plough Inn"

1919 - 32 Henry George Wheeler.

1932 - after 27 hears at the helm, Henry George Wheeler passes the licence to Edward Ernest Wheeler. Henry later became the librarian at the library set up in part of what is now Liston Hall, and the caretaker of the whole hall. He died at the Riley Nursing Home, Chapel Street in 1940. Edward Wheeler was a retired Metropolitan police officer.

1932-44- Edward Ernest Wheeler. Edward died this year, leaving a widow and a married daughter.

C 1950-early 1957 Harry C Windmill. Harry and Mrs Windmill moved to Middleton-on-Sea, near Bognor Regis.

1957 - 60 Victor Easthaugh.

1958 or 1959  depending on reports- the inaugural Boxing Day barrell rolling contest down Glade Road contested by the regulars of the Plough and those of the Marlow Donkey, one pub versus the other. This tradition continued until at least 1966. The winning team received a trophy of a silver barrell though not at the first event.

1964 -67 (at least) Jim Tubb landlord.

Related Posts:

There are posts on this blog about individual families associated with certain pubs, as well as on individual pubs themselves so have a look at the Pub Related index here  & don't forget the Person Index for all mentions of someone on this blog. Find it on the top drop down menu. 

Posts about life in the neighbouring streets here

More beer sellers than bakers -Temperance in Marlow here

Lists of posts about everyday life in old Great Marlow here

SOURCES

 Kelly's Post Office Directory 1864,1883, 1899, 1903, 1907, 1915,1920,1939

Marlow Town Guide 1905

Marlow Directory and Almanack, various years. 

Bucks Free Press 19th August 1932, Wycombe Library 

Contemporary newspaper reports of licencing hearings, court cases and other related news, some accessed via the BNA - a selected few: 

Bucks Herald June 24th 1874 and 11th March 1877 as above. 

South Bucks Standard - January 6 1893, December 24,1913, as above. 

Bucks Advertiser and Aylesbury News 14 October 1843, as above

Bucks Free Press - 7th May 1943, High Wycombe Library. 

Census 1861,1871,1881,1891

©MarlowAncestors.